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   Activism News, Direct Activism, Alternative News, Human Rights, Issues, Jewish Activism, Peace news, Portland Peace Portal  Our Military-Industrial Boondoggle
"We must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by the military-industrial complex."
Dwight D. Eisenhower

The slow dance.  A proliferation of arms, corporate colonialism, military miscalculations,
and the decline and fall of the American empire.    tmf  
Click here to comment                                                             

Controlled, universal disarmament is the imperative of our time. The demand for it by the hundreds of millions whose chief concern is the long future of themselves and their children will, I hope, become so universal and so insistent that no man, no government anywhere, can withstand it.   Dwight D. Eisenhower

  "No matter how far you have gone on the wrong road, turn back." -Turkish proverb

http://www.khaleejtimes.com/DisplayArticleNew.asp?xfile=data/opinion/2006/June/opinion_June83.xml§ion=opinion&col=
via Political Theory Daily Review

INFORMED by the harrowing lessons of World War II, the United Nations 
Charter was signed in San Francisco on June 26, 1945. Exactly 61 years 
later, the UN review conference on small arms opened on Monday in New 
York. This is the first major conference on the UN programme of action 
on the global menace of small and light weapons of combat.

In recent years, discussions on terror and safety have tended to 
concentrate on weapons of mass destruction. And yet there are other 
problems that are already causing havoc, which also demand urgent 
attention. It is important to appreciate why an effective system of the 
control of trade in small arms is so badly needed right now.


First, the use of small arms is constantly fed and heavily promoted in 
the world by the sellers, for there is much profit to be made there. 
While it is true that arms trading needs willing buyers in addition to 
eager sellers, the pushing of arms is no less a phenomenon today than 
the pushing of drugs.

Given the fact that arms buying tends to be concentrated in relatively 
few hands, typically governmental administrators or the military or 
paramilitary (including insurgents), swaying the purchasers is often 
relatively easy and well within the profitable reach of the merchants 
of death. The French economist Jean-Baptiste Say might have enunciated 
a rather doubtful general principle when he argued, 200 years ago, that 
"supply creates its own demand," but his maxim fits the arms trade 
alarmingly well.

Second, arms trading would not be hard to control if the international 
community were resolved to do so. Arms production tends to be 
concentrated regionally, and so is the export of arms. As it happens, 
the leaders of the world, in the shape of the Group of 8 countries, 
have been persistently responsible for more than 80 per cent of global 
arms exports.

Furthermore, the states of the world seem to have already agreed in 
previous meetings that they would restrict arms transactions to what 
international law allows. Yet there is no current agreement between the 
states on standards for arms transfers. At the ongoing UN conference, 
states need to agree on global principles restraining arms transfers if 
there were a likelihood they would be used to commit genocide or 
identifiable crimes.

A comprehensive approach would have to address direct transactions, 
indirect transfers, brokering, transit and transshipment. The UN 
General Assembly can then move towards agreeing on an international 
Arms Trade Treaty.

Third, the conference could also bring out the fact that the terrible 
consequences of the use of small arms go well beyond the outrageous 
killing and maiming they cause. Small arms are vital ingredients of 
terrorism, civil war and generalised violence, which in turn lead to 
the disruption of social services, health care and basic education, and 
can also reduce the incentives for long-term investment and economic 
development. Many of the difficulties faced by Africa from the 1970s 
onward can be traced to this process.

The G-8 countries have not taken an active leadership role in curbing 
arms trade until recently, but there are some welcome signs of greater 
resolve right now. It is also important for non-G-8 countries to take 
more initiative on this.

My own country, India, has good reason to use whatever influence it 
has, especially with the growing recognition of its importance in the 
global world. This is not only because reduction of armed conflicts 
fits well into the global objectives that were championed by India when 
it struggled for independence and sought a global voice, but also 
because India itself suffers a great deal from the illicit movement of 
arms that feed local insurrections and terrorist acts.

Even though China is currently the seventh-largest exporter of arms in 
the world, it also has a stake in limiting the movement of arms into 
its own territory. The G-8 countries, too, have reasons of enlightened 
self-interest to do this (despite the money that these countries make 
from this terrible trade), given the growing threat of terrorism that 
affects these countries as well.

Countries across the world, despite their many variations, increasingly 
have a shared vulnerability. The time has come for the world as a whole 
to turn a page, through effective controls on the global arms trade.


~Eminent economist Amartya Sen, who was awarded the 1998 Nobel prize in 
economics, is professor at Harvard University. He is an honourary 
adviser to Oxfam and author of many books including Development as 
Freedom. This article first appeared in the IHT 

--
submitted to PCC Issues list by Terry Lee Coughran, social activist
tcoughra@comcast.net
 

Military-Industrial Complex Speech, Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1961

In the councils of government, we must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by the militaryindustrial complex ...
coursesa.matrix.msu.edu/~hst306/documents/indust.html
 
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